Which change theory emphasizes economic value and follows a hard approach?

The choice that emphasizes economic value and follows a hard approach is indeed Theory E. This theory primarily focuses on the economic aspects of an organization and tends to adopt a more quantitative perspective on managing change. It is often associated with a top-down approach, where management drives change initiatives aimed at improving financial performance, shareholder value, and efficiency.

Theory E contrasts with other change management theories, such as Theory O, which emphasizes organizational culture and humanistic approaches to change. While Theory O is more about developing people and fostering a supportive work environment, Theory E is more about achieving measurable results and ensuring that economic objectives are met.

By prioritizing economic value, Theory E aligns closely with financial outcomes, which appeals to stakeholders focused on profitability and performance metrics. This hard approach can include strategies like downsizing, restructuring, or adopting new technologies that enhance productivity. Thus, focusing on economic value is essential in organizations that need swift and impactful changes to thrive in competitive markets.